<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734</id><updated>2010-03-26T15:19:42.658-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Visual Story Telling</title><subtitle type='html'>I am a visual story teller who has over the years adapted to new technologies to reach the audience.  I share here my experiences with not just how I have adapted to the technology, but anything that might impact my story telling.  My goal is in sharing I learn more by the process.</subtitle><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25'/><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/atom.xml'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>110</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8992700989784192144</id><published>2010-03-26T15:19:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2010-03-26T15:19:42.672-04:00</updated><title type='text'>This blog has moved</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;       This blog is now located at http://blog.stanleyleary.com/.&lt;br /&gt;       You will be automatically redirected in 30 seconds, or you may click &lt;a href='http://blog.stanleyleary.com/'&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       For feed subscribers, please update your feed subscriptions to&lt;br /&gt;       http://blog.stanleyleary.com/feeds/posts/default.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8992700989784192144?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8992700989784192144/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8992700989784192144' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8992700989784192144'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8992700989784192144'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/03/this-blog-has-moved.html' title='This blog has moved'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-735176244982070989</id><published>2010-03-17T22:40:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2010-03-17T22:41:40.788-04:00</updated><title type='text'>It’s Not All About Me, But It All Depends On Me</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;One of the best things I have learned           over the past year about how to grow my business is that it's  not all about           ME, but it all depends on ME.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;div style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;           &lt;table width="210" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;             &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;               &lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/ravingfans.jpg" alt="raving fans book" shapes="Picture_x0020_3" width="200" align="right" height="301" /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;             &lt;/tr&gt;           &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;           &lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Kenneth H. Blanchard who wrote the           famous book &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The           One Minute Manager&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;  also           wrote &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;b&gt;Raving           Fans&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;. I rediscovered him  through my           client Chick-fil-A. They embrace his concepts and work hard at  creating         Raving Fans.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;Definition of a Raving Fan:  One who           uses your services more often; pays full price; and tell  others about you. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;All businesses want and need  Raving           Fans. So, how do you get them?&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;First:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="style29" style="color: black;"&gt;Your product or service must be           superior. Doing business “Good Enough” will make some clients  rave about you,           but they will not be FANS. Striving for nothing but the best  will create           genuine fans. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;As a photographer I look for a  unique           angles; something they are not likely to see themselves. “Good  Enough” is           giving my client a professional version of something they  could have seen and           done without my help. My photos must WOW them. That’s my  obligation to them           as a professional.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;div style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;           &lt;table width="276" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;             &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;               &lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Postcard/images/IMG_11.jpg" alt="chicken sandwich" shapes="Picture_x0020_4" width="266" align="left" height="400" /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;             &lt;/tr&gt;           &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;Creative use of lighting can  move my           photography from just “Good Enough” to excellent. I need to  explore the           subject and find the point of view with the most effective use  of light. For           example, moving a person so that the light from a window  creates the main           light on their face rather than fighting the glare of the same  window behind           the subject. I may need to set-up strobes (flashes) to create  my own “window           light.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;“Good Enough” is scouting a  location           after joining my client at the shoot. Much better to shout in  advance of the           shoot and be able to suggest locations for the best light,  composition or           unique perspective to make photos that standout from the  expected.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Second:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;To  win Raving Fans – go the Second Mile in service. In           my business I looked for things to do that were not required,  but would be           valued by my client. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;Something I did from the  beginning was           to deliver my work to my clients on a professional-looking CD  or DVD. I           printed my logo and sometimes their logo on the disc as well  as the date of           the photo shoot and other useful information. “Good Enough” is  writing the           information on the disk with a Sharpie.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;Another unexpected and  appreciated           extra is a quick turn-around delivering the images. When  possible I give the           client the disc before I leave the shoot. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;By watching other businesses  it is           possible to discover some of the ways they attract fans.  Chick-fil-A, for           example, works at making a customer feel like a guest in  someone’s home.           Little things make this happen. They’ll hold the door for  folks, carry the           trays to the table, refresh their drinks and even give them  food occasionally. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;div style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;           &lt;table width="410" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;             &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;               &lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Postcard/images/IMG_12.jpg" alt="girl" shapes="Picture_x0020_5" width="400" align="left" height="266" /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;             &lt;/tr&gt;           &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;Seeing what other businesses  do and           finding ways to apply the concept to my business isn’t always  apparent. It is           a constant struggle to find ways to be more service oriented.  We call those           who “do it naturally” &lt;b&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ladies           and Gentlemen&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt; (The rest  of us gotta work at           it.&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;I believe the whole key to  attracting           and keeping Raving Fans is to first be sure to deliver a  quality product and           do so in a professional way. Only if we are doing this will  the Second Mile           Service have any real impact. No matter how many  nice-little-things we do for           a client if they are not happy with our product… The point: &lt;strong&gt;You  Can’t Go The Second Mile If You           Didn’t Go The First Mile FIRST.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;I’ve found a great second  mile touch           is a hand written thank you card. Anything hand written is so  rare these days           that it has an almost unimaginable positive impact. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 14pt;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Third:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Another component of creating  Raving Fans is           establishing an emotional connection with the client. It’s  called Friendship.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;When my customer becomes more  than a           paycheck, when I see them as a valuable person, when I come to  care about how           they’re doing and I’m concerned about their happiness that’s  when I discover           the true joy of “doing business.” &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;When business reaches this  level going           the second mile only seems natural. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;div style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;           &lt;table width="410" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;             &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;               &lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Postcard/images/IMG_6.jpg" alt="sax  player" shapes="Picture_x0020_6" width="400" align="left" height="266" /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;             &lt;/tr&gt;           &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;This relationship is not  going to form           with all our clients, but when it does it was worth the  trouble and we’ve           made a Raving Fan.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;A few months ago I ran into a  man I           knew when he was a teenager. We were talking when he stopped  and said, “Last           Sunday my pastor said in his sermon that we should tell people  what they have           meant to us over the years. Well, I want to tell you that you  were a major           influence on me when I was a kid and I want to thank you for  that.” &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;I want forget that for a long  time.           Made me feel great and humble at the same time. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;We probably didn’t know our  clients           when they were kids, but there are things we like and  appreciate about them           that, given the opportunity, perhaps we should tell them. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;An easy way to make a fan and  a friend           is just to listen to them. Maybe over coffee or a meal, just  give them the           time of day. A friend, after all, is someone who will listen.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style29" align="justify"&gt;I believe this can all be  boiled down           to this statement: If you want to grow a business, look for  ways to serve           your customers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-735176244982070989?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/735176244982070989/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=735176244982070989' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/735176244982070989'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/735176244982070989'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/03/its-not-all-about-me-but-it-all-depends.html' title='It’s Not All About Me, But It All Depends On Me'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-5652480440856450366</id><published>2010-02-26T07:44:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-26T07:52:45.820-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Give yourself an assignment</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I just got back from Hawaii  and I’m excited.  It was my fifth trip to Hawaii to teach, but  photographically this was the best trip by far.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Why so?  Well this time I had  a couple of assignments.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;On the drive over to the  Hawaii Volcanoes National Park my daughter calls me and says, “Daddy, I  need some photos for of the volcano for my class at school.  We’re  studying the Earth’s crust and I thought the volcano would be a good way  to show it.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Listen, with an extraordinary  assignment like that you give it all you got!  I knew I needed to do an  outstanding job for this client.  Besides, this gave me the perfect  opportunity to play with my new Nikon D3s. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;At the Volcanoes Park I meet  this Park Ranger and decide to interview her since she was bound to know  more about it than I did (wouldn’t take much).&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;When I told her about my  assignment and the intended audience she knew just what to do.  We did  the interview in one take. I got the feeling she’d done this before –  what a pro.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Here’s what we did from my  daughter’s class.  You can see it for yourself.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="center"&gt;         &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; AC_AX_RunContent( 'width','400','height','300','src','http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1','type','application/x-shockwave-flash','allowfullscreen','true','allowscriptaccess','always','movie','http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1' ); //end AC code &lt;/script&gt;&lt;embed src="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" movie="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt; &lt;noscript&gt;&lt;/noscript&gt;         &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;hr style="font-family: arial;"&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Here’s another assignment I  did while on the island. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I’d been to the luau the  Island Breeze produces in Kona.  I asked the folks at the school where I  was teaching if there was a way we could set-up a shoot with these  dancers.  Don’t tell me luck has nothing to do with anything.  One of  the dancers with Island Breeze was actually in my class!  Brooke Valle,  the student, is also a professional dancer and travels the world  full-time dancing. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I was able to photograph the  women dancers and one of the guys who is a fire dancer.  They were  excited.  We photographed the women one night at the home of Kamehemeha  the Great, the first king to rule all the islands.  The next night we  photographed the fire dancer on the beach.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I used this as an opportunity  to show the students how to silhouette the dancers and expose for the  sky at dusk, which makes for a great looking sky, but puts dancers in  the dark.   Then I showed them how to use remote Nikon TTL flashes to  light up the dancers and make them pop.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Here are the examples:&lt;/p&gt;                  &lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2010-02-13%2017-56-39.JPG" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;Here the dancers are silhouetted.        &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;                  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2010-02-13%2017-56-42.JPG" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;They are now revealed with the flash.        &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2010-02-13%2018-11-51.JPG" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;One of my favorites showing the king's palace in the  background.        &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2010-02-14%2018-15-15A.JPG" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;The dancer is silhouetted.        &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2010-02-14%2018-15-33.JPG" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="font-family: arial; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(204, 0, 0);"&gt;Now he is revealed with the flash.        &lt;/div&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;These self-assignments, well  one  assigned by my daughter, forced me to pre-plan.   The photographs  were better than in past trips and it was a lot of  fun.&lt;br /&gt;       Want better travel photos?  Do some research and preplan.   You’ll be glad you did.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;hr style="font-family: arial;" align="JUSTIFY"&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Here are some  of the  student’s first attempts working with studio lighting and off-camera   flash after a few days in class. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="justify"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;                &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; AC_AX_RunContent( 'width','400','height','300','src','http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1','type','application/x-shockwave-flash','allowfullscreen','true','allowscriptaccess','always','movie','http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;show_title=1&amp;show_byline=1&amp;show_portrait=0&amp;color=&amp;fullscreen=1' ); //end AC code &lt;/script&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style42" align="center"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" movie="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-5652480440856450366?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/5652480440856450366/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=5652480440856450366' title='4 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5652480440856450366'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5652480440856450366'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/give-yourself-assignment.html' title='Give yourself an assignment'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>4</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-761110774672200446</id><published>2010-02-18T23:06:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-18T23:07:15.033-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Hawaii Volcanoes National Park</title><content type='html'>&lt;object width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9566709&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://vimeo.com/9566709"&gt;Hawaii Volcanoes National Park&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://vimeo.com/user3105758"&gt;Stanley Leary&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href="http://vimeo.com"&gt;Vimeo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-761110774672200446?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/761110774672200446/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=761110774672200446' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/761110774672200446'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/761110774672200446'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/hawaii-volcanoes-national-park.html' title='Hawaii Volcanoes National Park'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-5123773081868475224</id><published>2010-02-18T20:07:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-18T20:08:31.759-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Youth with a Mission - School of Photography 1 (A Week of lighting and Business Practices)</title><content type='html'>&lt;object width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://vimeo.com/moogaloop.swf?clip_id=9563136&amp;amp;server=vimeo.com&amp;amp;show_title=1&amp;amp;show_byline=1&amp;amp;show_portrait=0&amp;amp;color=&amp;amp;fullscreen=1" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" width="400" height="300"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://vimeo.com/9563136"&gt;Youth With A Mission Photography School 1&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://vimeo.com/user3105758"&gt;Stanley Leary&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href="http://vimeo.com/"&gt;Vimeo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-5123773081868475224?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/5123773081868475224/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=5123773081868475224' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5123773081868475224'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5123773081868475224'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/youth-with-mission-school-of.html' title='Youth with a Mission - School of Photography 1 (A Week of lighting and Business Practices)'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-2565603355127091154</id><published>2010-02-03T19:38:00.008-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-04T09:54:55.501-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:medium;"  &gt;&lt;p class="style1 style41"   style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;" align="justify"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-09-48-24.jpg" alt="science lab" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style1 style41"   style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:12pt;" align="justify"&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span"  style="font-size:medium;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="12pt" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" face="Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif" size="12pt" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="254" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size:medium;" &gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;table style="text-align: justify;" width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" align="justify"&gt;Finding clients is hard work. Keeping them is all-important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style1" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-2565603355127091154?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/2565603355127091154/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=2565603355127091154' title='5 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/2565603355127091154'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/2565603355127091154'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients_2353.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>5</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-9193467329072887693</id><published>2010-02-03T19:36:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-03T19:37:01.231-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='business photography'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='photography advice'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='marketing'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='photography business'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='database'/><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; color: rgb(153, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style1 style41" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="254" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" border="0" align="right" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" border="0" align="left" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style43" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;table width="370" border="0" align="right" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class="style41" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;p align="justify" class="style42" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "&gt;Finding clients is hard work. Keeping them is all-important.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; "&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="style1" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; "&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-9193467329072887693?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/9193467329072887693/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=9193467329072887693' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/9193467329072887693'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/9193467329072887693'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients_03.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8634980328244692556</id><published>2010-02-01T19:52:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-01T19:53:26.984-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-09-48-24.jpg" alt="science lab" width="350" height="233" /&gt;                         &lt;p class="style1 style41" align="justify"&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="254" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Finding clients is hard work.  Keeping them is all-important. &lt;/p&gt;                  &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style1"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8634980328244692556?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8634980328244692556/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8634980328244692556' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8634980328244692556'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8634980328244692556'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients_2136.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8932625240290561065</id><published>2010-02-01T19:45:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-01T19:51:14.115-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-09-48-24.jpg" alt="science lab" width="350" height="233" /&gt;                         &lt;p class="style1 style41" align="justify"&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="254" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style43" align="justify"&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table width="370" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p class="style42" align="justify"&gt;Finding clients is hard work.  Keeping them is all-important. &lt;/p&gt;                  &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p class="style1"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8932625240290561065?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8932625240290561065/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8932625240290561065' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8932625240290561065'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8932625240290561065'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients_4204.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-4789213285036033161</id><published>2010-02-01T19:45:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-01T19:50:30.611-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;img style="font-family: arial;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-09-48-24.jpg" alt="science lab" width="350" height="233" /&gt;                         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1 style41"&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="254" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Finding clients is hard work.  Keeping them is all-important. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;                  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;       &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style38"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-4789213285036033161?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/4789213285036033161/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=4789213285036033161' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/4789213285036033161'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/4789213285036033161'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients_01.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-4503574406170667590</id><published>2010-02-01T19:45:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2010-02-01T19:50:03.436-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Finding and Keeping Clients</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;img style="font-family: arial;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-09-48-24.jpg" alt="science lab" width="350" height="233" /&gt;                         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1 style41"&gt;In February I go to Hawaii to teach in a photography school. We’ll cover Lighting, the heart of photography, and Business Practices in Photography, the lifeblood of the business. Below are some of the points we’ll cover that might work for you in your industry. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Finding Clients &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Before you start building a database of names determine your niche. Targeting the specific audience you need to address will make your research and set-up time more productive.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Get Organized&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-17-09-19-19-2.jpg" alt="Piano teacher" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Software programs such as Microsoft Outlook (PC) or Entourage (Mac) are helpful in organizing your material. Also, these programs are integrated with Microsoft Word and facilitate emailing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;What To Do With Collected Contacts &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Set-up files in a database for the name of the company, the personal contact’s name, their address and phone numbers, email and website address. Assign each contact to a category.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="254" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-13-16-23.jpg" alt="Student" width="234" height="350" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I specialize in photographing people, but setting up a category for companies who hire photographers that photograph people is too broad. By assigning a contact to a category such as “Education” I can send a promotional piece to only those contacts in the education field. Assigning multiple categories to individual contacts further refines target marketing. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Contact management software has space for making notes. Keep this up-to-date as new information about your client comes to light. Use this field for their Facebook page and other information that don’t fit in any other field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Time To Party&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Parties (some parties) are a good way to build your database. Attend the “after-hours” events many civic and trade organizations sponsor that are designed to promote getting to know people and businesses in the area. Usually held monthly these events are great ways to meet a lot of folks and have fun doing so. It beats sitting at home with a computer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Work The Room&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Be sure you know your two-minute “elevator talk” about your business. Find someone you know. Get them to introduce you to the person to whom they are talking. Exchange business card and ask if you can follow up at another time for coffee or lunch. Be sure to give that person your full attention while you are with them, but move on after about five minutes. Remember, almost everyone in the room is there for the same reason you are, to meet people and find clients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-15-38.jpg" alt="crowd" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Be Relevant/Current&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I recommend to the students to read industry magazines. Photo District News helps keep photographers informed on happenings in the world of photography. It is filled with the latest trends and techniques, business and legal news and new product reviews. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Contact information for magazines that might be interested in your work can usually be found in the masthead. Many magazines are online today. Read some back issues before contacting them. Offer a story idea to the editor. If you did your homework your idea should reflect the trends that are going on in the industry or plug into the style of that magazine. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Investigate – Dig Deep&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2015-54-54.jpg" width="350" height="232" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Put on your investigative reporter hat and dig around for your niche. Use Google and type in your categories. Combine them with the word “organizations” and you will find many of the trade associations. When you find their websites click on the “About Us” section. It often will help you know the image the company is trying to convey. This is invaluable if you contact them and land an appointment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Dale Carnegie said it best; “You can close more business in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get people interested in you.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Qualify Your Lead&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;I know of a photographer who contacted a designer for a couple years. The photographer sent out beautiful newsletters and promotional material. One day the photographer dropped off a portfolio and met the designer. He asked if he was the person that hired the photographers. He said no, that his boss picked the photographers; he just designed the pieces. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-08-09%2014-34-46.jpg" alt="horses" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style43"&gt;Connecting With A Client&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;If you find common interests with a prospect, you can establish a business relationship. In a prospect’s office look at: pictures and plaques on the wall; the books on the shelf; anything that shows their interest. Commenting on that interest is a good way to start a conversation. People love to talk about their interest. Try to find common ground for a friendship. People are more likely to buy from a friend than a salesman.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Sales consultant Jeffrey Gitomer says, “If you establish common ground with the other person, they will like you, believe you, begin to trust you, and connect with you on a deeper level; a ‘things-in-common’ level. The best way to win the connection is to first win the person.”&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;table style="font-family: arial; text-align: left; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;" width="370" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="10"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/2009-09-16-15-05-48.jpg" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style42"&gt;Finding clients is hard work.  Keeping them is all-important. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;                  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;       &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style38"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-4503574406170667590?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/4503574406170667590/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=4503574406170667590' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/4503574406170667590'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/4503574406170667590'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/02/finding-and-keeping-clients.html' title='Finding and Keeping Clients'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-1365669754655985713</id><published>2010-01-16T16:04:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2010-01-16T16:06:40.865-05:00</updated><title type='text'>EFFECTIVE VISUAL PRESENTATIONS FOR NGOs</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="font-family: arial;" align="right"&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/090218_Kona_0286.jpg" alt="Stanley Teaching" longdesc="http:" width="400" align="left" height="267" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;              &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" &gt;&lt;span class="style15 style43"&gt;photo by Dennis Fahringer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;                         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;If a picture  is indeed worth a thousand words then a slide show is an entire book.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;We’ve all endured dull evenings sitting in the dark looking at someone’s mind-numbing pictures of something they thought we would enjoy.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;A slide show audience is usually a captive one; there is no escape.  We owe it to those watching to present an interesting, educating even entertaining presentation.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;Planning  prior to the trip will change a deadly dose of the dulls into a motivating  experience for the viewers.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;We want know exactly what we will encounter when we arrive at the shoot, but there are some time-honored questions we’ll need to answer in order to tell the NGO’s story.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;Listed below are a few guidelines that can help make a visual presentation people will appreciate and with a message they will understand.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Remember  the purpose of the presentation:  &lt;/strong&gt;The presentation is to help the non-government organization.  In any group, likely to see he presentation, there are possibilities for support for the NGO.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is  the GOAL?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  It is to  motivate people to action — be it prayer, giving or by becoming involved.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;h1 style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="center"&gt;What is the REAL SUBJECT?&lt;/h1&gt;         &lt;table style="font-family: arial;" width="275" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="5"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/090220_Kona_1063.jpg" width="267" height="400" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;                &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" &gt;&lt;span class="style43"&gt;photo by: Dennis Fahringer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;It’s people.  Not buildings, wells, machinery nor the land.  It is okay to photograph these things without people, but this shouldn’t be the focus.  Present the NGO in human terms. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Who is the AUDIENCE?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Is it business people, civic clubs, the NGO’s support base, faith groups, agencies that give out grants?  Make a list before the trip and look for tie-ins to these groups.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What’s the BUDGET?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  What  are the travel and postproduction expenses?   List other cost such as website. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;h1 style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="center"&gt;Stay Specific:&lt;/h1&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;Everything can’t be told. Pick the  powerful images and subjects.&lt;br /&gt;          Perhaps show how the NGO has impacted  a person or family.              This approach helps the audience  connect with those the NGO helps.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table style="font-family: arial;" width="300" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="5"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;p align="right"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/05285JSL0556.jpg" width="332" height="500" /&gt;&lt;span class="style45"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;                  &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" &gt;&lt;span class="style47"&gt;West Africa (photo by Stanley Leary)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;             &lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Use a storyline to arrange your  coverage&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;ol style="font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Give an Overview of the Country  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  the town&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  the market place (show faces, how the people dress, their jobs)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Highlight the work of the NGO&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  a family&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Group photograph (dinner table)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Individuals &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  the NEEDS&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Why do they need the services of the  NGO?&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;What is being provided that meets a  need: water, food and shelter?&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  how the audience can support the NGO&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;How they can volunteer&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Financial&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Equipment&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;A  Project&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Ongoing  support of a person or family&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Specific Guidelines:&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Hold  a visual on the screen for no more than ten seconds. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Two  to three seconds a shot is long enough for today’s TV and Internet savvy  audience.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;A two to three minute presentation is ideal for the web.  When presenting to a group give short presentations mixing these with a personal story or two.   Allow time for questions.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Write  for the ear.  Use short sentences.  &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Record  an interview and use sections of it in the presentation.  People telling their story adds  authenticity. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;         &lt;ol style="font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;DON'T&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Use  too many pictures&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Show  photos with exposure problems, with heads cut off or that need explaining.  A picture should tell it's own story.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;DO!!&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;EDIT,  EDIT, EDIT.  Show the only the best.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Use  recorded script.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;KEEP  IT SIMPLE!!!!!&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;NOTES:&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Visual  presentations are easy to update.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Presentations  should be tailored to fit the audience.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Visual  presentations can be used to get support for an NGO; also the NGO can use the  presentation itself. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="style1"&gt;Leave  people wanting more.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;         &lt;table style="font-family: arial;" width="400" align="center" border="0" cellpadding="5"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;div align="right"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/05285JSL1375.JPG" width="400" height="266" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;                &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 0, 0);font-size:85%;" &gt;&lt;span class="style43"&gt;West Africa (Photo by: Stanley Leary)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;       &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" align="center"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-1365669754655985713?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/1365669754655985713/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=1365669754655985713' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1365669754655985713'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1365669754655985713'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/01/effective-visual-presentations-for-ngos.html' title='EFFECTIVE VISUAL PRESENTATIONS FOR NGOs'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8082371589014100587</id><published>2010-01-15T09:39:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2010-01-15T09:41:30.263-05:00</updated><title type='text'>This is just scary and funny at the same time</title><content type='html'>&lt;object type="application/x-shockwave-flash" id="video" data="http://www.myfoxdc.com/video/videoplayer.swf?dppversion=4747" width="320" height="280"&gt;&lt;param value="http://www.myfoxdc.com/video/videoplayer.swf?dppversion=4747" name="movie"&gt;&lt;param value="&amp;amp;skin=MP1ExternalAll-MFL.swf&amp;amp;embed=true&amp;amp;adSrc=http%3A%2F%2Fad%2Edoubleclick%2Enet%2Fadx%2Ftsg%2Ewttg%2Fnews%2Fdetail%3Bdcmt%3Dtext%2Fxml%3Bpos%3D%3Btile%3D2%3Bfname%3DUnion%5FStation%5FPhoto%5FFlap%3Bloc%3Dsite%3Bsz%3D320x240%3Bord%3D223624321951039330%3Frand%3D0%2E6310352492552126&amp;amp;flv=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Emyfoxdc%2Ecom%2Ffeeds%2FoutboundFeed%3FobfType%3DVIDEO%5FPLAYER%5FSMIL%5FFEED%26componentId%3D1622004&amp;amp;img=http%3A%2F%2Fmedia2%2Emyfoxdc%2Ecom%2F%2Fphoto%2F2009%2F02%2F13%2F1622006%5F20090213054524286%5F640%5F480%2EJPG&amp;amp;story=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Emyfoxdc%2Ecom%2Fdpp%2Fnews%2FUnion%5FStation%5FPhoto%5FFlap" name="FlashVars"&gt;&lt;param value="all" name="allowNetworking"&gt;&lt;param value="always" name="allowScriptAccess"&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8082371589014100587?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8082371589014100587/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8082371589014100587' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8082371589014100587'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8082371589014100587'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/01/this-is-just-scarry-and-funny-at-same.html' title='This is just scary and funny at the same time'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-1024944900563687908</id><published>2010-01-01T14:09:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2010-01-01T14:13:32.183-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Tips When Hiring a Photographer</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style38" align="center"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table style="font-family: arial;" width="300" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="5"&gt;       &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;                 &lt;td&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/Jan12010-06.jpg" alt="VT play" class="style38" width="400" align="center" height="266" /&gt;&lt;span class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;                 &lt;span style="font-size:85%;"&gt;&lt;span class="style41"&gt;Virginia Tech quarterback Tyrod Taylor (5) rushes against Tennessee during the Chick-fil-A Bowl game against Tennessee. Tyrod Taylor (5) averaged 5.2 yards a carry for his 26 total yards against Tennessee, helping the Hokies defeat Tennessee 37 to 14. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;               &lt;/tr&gt;             &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;             &lt;span class="style11"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Want to know how to get the most for your money out of a  photographer?   Bring him in early in  your planning.             &lt;/span&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Clients benefit in several ways when they include the photographer as part of their creative team.  Not only will the shoot go smother and faster, but more importantly, the photos will be just as you want them to be and your budget will go further.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;          The sooner the photographer is involved in the planning and  preparation for the shoot the better.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table  width="300" align="left" border="0" cellpadding="5" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td&gt;&lt;span class="style11"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/Jan12010-05.jpg" alt="fan" width="350" align="left" height="526" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;  After the concept and approach are determined in a planning session the client and I usually scout the locations together, if possible.  While on location we determine the best time of day for the shoot based on the lighting.  Scouting with the client makes it is easier for us to maximize the time at each location during the shoot.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt; During the planning session we discuss the feelings the photos need to invoke in the viewer.  By working together from the beginning we are both better able to achieve our objective.  Preplanning allows everyone to concentrate on the fine details when it truly counts - on the day of shoot.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt; During the actual shoot priorities can change.  Certain shots emerge, as “must have” pictures, while others may become less essential than initially thought.  Going for the best shots and dropping or limiting the others can stretch the budget yet still produce outstanding images.&lt;br /&gt;       &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;table style="font-family: arial;" align="right" border="0" cellpadding="5"&gt;           &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;             &lt;td class="style41" width="351"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/Jan12010-04.jpg" alt="Tennesse players celebrate" width="350" align="top" height="526" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:85%;"&gt;Tennessee cornerback Janzen Jackson (15)and teammate cornerback Eric Berry (14) celebrate defensive play against Virginia Tech in the Chick-fil-A Bowl on December 31, 2009 in Atlanta, Ga.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;           &lt;/tr&gt;         &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;Here is an example of stretching a photo budget.  When working with universities and schools it is more expedient, since most general classrooms look alike, to set-up in only one classroom.  The faculty and students rotate through the classroom where all the lights have been placed and the exposure and white balance determined. There is no need to move from building to building.  This saves time and money.  &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;As you consider your photo needs consider adding me to you creative team, that decision will save time and money and ensure a more productive and creative photo shoot.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style11" align="justify"&gt;I’m here to help, just give me a call. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style38" align="center"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;     &lt;/p&gt;       &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style38" align="justify"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;       &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style38" align="justify"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;       &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style38" align="justify"&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-1024944900563687908?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/1024944900563687908/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=1024944900563687908' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1024944900563687908'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1024944900563687908'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2010/01/tips-when-hiring-photographer.html' title='Tips When Hiring a Photographer'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-2944210456598719015</id><published>2009-12-16T16:24:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2009-12-16T16:27:52.623-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Digital Photography – A Real Stimulus Package</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="style23"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/dec14-2009/083.jpg" alt="LearyClan" width="300" height="373" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;span class="style23"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;           &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class="style34"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;My grandparents, aunts and uncles at Christmas in the 60's&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Ebenezer Scrooge would have loved digital photography. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Before his ever-faithful nephew gave him a digital camera Old Ebenezer would say, “Bah! Humbug! Every time I press that button it cost me money. And for what, fuzzy photos for future memories, assuming I want to remember any past Christmas.” (I know, I know, there weren’t any cameras in Victorian England… I’m just making a point here.)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Scrooge was right; back in the jolly of days of photographing Christmas with film it did cost us money every time we pushed that button. This had a great influence on how we made photos. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;My family’s roots have a good amount of Scotch-Irish Penny-pinching heritage. Maybe your family used the camera like we did. We could squeeze a whole year of events on one roll.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;In order to get as much for our film money as we could we wouldn’t waist a shot. We’d dress everyone in their Sunday best, make sure the sun was shining on their faces, backup to include as much as possible, have everyone look at the camera and say cheese. Then the one taking the picture says, “Ready, one, two, three …” then snap the shutter… once. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;At Christmas we all gathered at our grandparent’s house. For the annual Family Christmas Photo we’d pull the sofa out from the wall, fill the sofa with the grandparents and grandkids and arrange everyone else – by height – behind the sofa. Next we put the camera on a tripod and set the self-timer. This was an important event so we’d take two shots to be sure we had it.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;" class="style25"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/dec14-2009/081.jpg" alt="cousins" width="300" height="156" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;         &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div  style="text-align: center;font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span class="style24"&gt;That's me on the far left with all my cousins.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Ebenezer, before he got his digital, would have been pleased, well, at least he would have appreciated the economy of it all.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Now I don’t want to imply that digital photography is cheaper. You’ve got to buy a digital camera. While the simpler ones can be inexpensive, if you get serious about it, the cost of a whoop-t-do SLR digital camera can make you whish we were back in the days of film.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Next you need a computer, but most of us have one already. Then you need some software, but unless you’re serious about your photography you can get by with the software that comes with the camera.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;However, the cost to shoot one photo is the same as making hundreds of photos when it comes to digital. Now we can take lots and lots of photos, pick the best ones and delete the rest. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;This Christmas instead of having everyone stop what he or she is doing and look at the camera (or line-up behind the sofa) just photograph them as they are. Take photos of people interacting with each other this holiday season. Isn’t this why we look forward to this time of year—rekindling of relationships?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: center;" class="style26"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/dec14-2009/chelle.jpg" alt="chelle" width="350" height="233" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial;"&gt;           &lt;strong&gt;My daughter reacting to a present at her birthday party.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;This season look at the edges of that LCD (screen) on the back of the camera just before you shoot. Do you need the back of Uncle Henry’s baldhead in the corner of the picture? Is that Aunt Mary’s foot sticking in the side? Do I need it in this picture? If my subject is my grandmother on the other side of the crowded room do I need all those folks facing all directions between my camera and her? Maybe I should zoom in or move closer or both.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;But what if you do want the Christmas tree in the photo with the family? Move around and find an angle where the main subject is obvious and the complimentary subjects don’t take over the photo. Try being sure the main subject is closer to the camera and the other things are further away is one way.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Remember when people are talking—someone is listening. Be sure to take many photos so you can capture not just the enthusiasm of the talker, but also the interest (or not) of the listener. Wait for the conversation to switch and the roles reverse and make more photos. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Make pictures of people cooking, relaxing, in conversation with each other. Take photos of the outings to the ice rink, skiing, or whatever your traditions may be this season rather than just the posed shots.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Over time and through the years you will see some patterns. I had an uncle who took photos of my Dad each Christmas with his car. For several years my uncle made pictures of my Dad with his head under the hood of whatever car he had that year. It made a funny series when my uncle put them together in a slide show for the family one year. Here is David working on his Ford, here he is working on his Chevy, here his is with a new car…&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;So why is digital photography a real stimulus package? Because even Scrooge would take many more photos with his digital camera since it no longer cost more each time the button is pushed. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;This digital stimulus package will improve your family photos and with no additional cost to take lots of pictures so you can edit down and just keep the good ones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Keep your camera battery charged and remember to get those photos off the camera and into the computer so you can make even more memorable moments this holiday season.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style1"&gt;Happy Holidays!&lt;br /&gt;       &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;         &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial; text-align: justify;" class="style28"&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-2944210456598719015?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/2944210456598719015/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=2944210456598719015' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/2944210456598719015'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/2944210456598719015'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/12/digital-photography-real-stimulus.html' title='Digital Photography – A Real Stimulus Package'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-5269543486729262147</id><published>2009-12-01T09:02:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2009-12-01T09:06:31.035-05:00</updated><title type='text'>Learning from the Masters</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28" align="center"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/newsletters/dec2009/01.jpg" width="300" height="199" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="right"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Imitation is the most sincere form of flattery…&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Last week someone said to me, “I love the Rembrandt lighting you used in the portrait of our CEO.” A day or so after that a photographer friend of mine mentioned that she could see Eugene Smith’s influence in my photography.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Well, I don’t mind telling you I felt really good.  Those familiar with the work of Eugene Smith know how flattered I felt.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;As my interest in photography developed (pardon the pun) I became fascinated with the work of great photographers. I studied their work until I felt I knew why they were considered Greats. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Several years into the profession I was privileged to work with Don Rutledge; an extraordinary photographer. Don had an encyclopedic knowledge of photographers both legendary and contemporary. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/newsletters/dec2009/02.jpg" width="400" align="left" height="266" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;“Writers,” Don would say, “can talk at length about famous writers, but most photographers don’t know anything about the greats in our field. How can they expect to learn if they don’t study”? &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;An interest in learning from the masters can turn a trip to an art museum or a stroll through local art galleries into an exhilarating adventure. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;What kind lighting did the painter use:  Was it midday sun, window light or was it a single candle creating the mood?&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Why did the artist choose this moment, that expression, those surroundings? This is a fascinating study and it all comes back to you as you are composing a photo a few days or even years later. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Just studying what was done alone doesn’t help much. It is necessary to learn how to replicate what you’ve learned. This knowledge along with your own way of “seeing” will one day result in your own style.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/newsletters/dec2009/03.jpg" width="400" align="right" height="242" /&gt;The best advice I ever received about developing a style of my own was, “Don’t worry about it.” That’s easy for some well-established pro to say to a fledging photographer. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;However, he was right. Sure enough, someday someone will say how much they like your style. Don’t say, “Oh wow! I didn’t even know I had a style.” Be cool.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;The style we see in other’s work is usually apparent in the way they handle (1) Lighting, (2) Composition and (3) the Moment.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Lighting creates mood. The warm light of an evening campfire sets the mood. What do we include in the photo we are about to make? What do we exclude? Is the girl facing the fire lost in thought when we shoot or is she looking into the shadows the texture of her skin catching the light? Do we wait to see her eyes or capture that tilt of her head that seems to say so much?&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;I cut my teeth in photography using the available light. It was a good five years before I started experimenting with studio lights. This was a good because I learned to see what is natural and then I learned to duplicate it with artificial lights.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/newsletters/dec2009/04.jpg" width="400" align="left" height="447" /&gt;Making a photograph that grabs the attention of the viewer is a good thing, but learning how to hold that attention can take time. Something that holds attention is called “the decisive moment.”&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;It’s easy to know the decisive moment in sports photography. A basket is made or the pass is caught. Knowing the decisive moment and capturing it with the camera is not exactly the same thing, but the capturing part can be learned.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;At first glance a committee sitting around a conference table brings to mind all the excitement and action of a chess match. However, there is action there to capture just as in a sports event albeit more like golf than rugby. Still, there are pivotal moments that tell the story of what is transpiring in the meeting.&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style1" align="justify"&gt;Some of the photographers I’ve studied and continue to study are: James Nachtwey, William Albert Allard, Sebastião Salgado, Dave Black, Eugene Smith, Carolyn Cole, Joanna Pinneo and Don Rutledge. &lt;/p&gt;         &lt;span class="style1"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Google these names and check them out yourself. If you know of others whose work you appreciate please send me an email and let me know who they are. I am always looking to improve and grow.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-5269543486729262147?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/5269543486729262147/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=5269543486729262147' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5269543486729262147'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5269543486729262147'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/12/learning-from-masters.html' title='Learning from the Masters'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8918259900102291856</id><published>2009-10-31T19:40:00.004-04:00</published><updated>2010-03-26T15:17:47.239-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Three Useful Doohickeys</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Some communications professionals&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;shoot their own pictures instead of hiring a professional photographer.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;Whatever the reason for doing it themselves here are a few things they need to watch for and correct:  1 - Is the color correct?  2 – Are there dust spots in the pictures? 3 – Are the photos truly sharp? &lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Let’s look at these potential problems and see how to avoid them.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p class="style28"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;strong  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;Number One:  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Color calibrate the computer used when working with the photographs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Here&lt;/span&gt;&lt;strong  style="font-weight: normal;font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; is a list of just a packages that will do the job:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote style="font-family: arial;" face="arial"&gt;&lt;p class="style28"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    * Pantone huey – $89&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    * Spyder3Express Color Calibration System – $89&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    * X-Rite Eye-One Display LT Color Management Solution – $139&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;/blockquote&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/ColorSpace.jpg" alt="ColorSpace Chart" shapes="Picture_x0020_3" width="300" align="left" height="308" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;Calibrating a monitor is adjusting it to a known color&lt;br /&gt;  space.  There are a few different color spaces that are standards. The figure to the left gives a few.  All devices have tolerances.  Calibrating is basically adjusting the monitor to the closest known factor.  The software places a color target on the monitor and uses the hardware sensor to read the color and make the adjustments automatically.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  A CRT monitor (similar to older TVs) must be calibrated more often than a LCD flat screen.  For a good illustration as to why monitors should be calibrated step into a store showing the same signal on several TVs and look at the variety of colors.&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;Now that the monitor is calibrated adjustments made to the pictures themselves will be more accurate in color, contrast and brightness.  Calibration also cuts the number of surprises emerging from a printer. &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/SensorScope.jpg" alt="Sensor Scope" shapes="Picture_x0020_4" width="148" align="right" height="284" /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;Number Two:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  Cameras with interchangeable lenses (SLRs) need to have the sensor cleaned of dust. Many local camera stores offer this service for about $50. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;I use the Delkins Sensor Scope Kit to service my cameras&lt;br /&gt;  myself.  It comes with a magnifier that lets you see the dust on the&lt;br /&gt;  sensor once the mirror is locked up for cleaning.  (See the illustration&lt;br /&gt;  on right)  Here is a link to their website &lt;a href="http://www.delkin.com/products/sensorscope/sensorsystem.html"&gt;http://www.delkin.com/products/sensorscope/sensorsystem.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;There is a video on how to clean your sensor. &lt;/p&gt;     &lt;object style="height: 344px; width: 425px; font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/7ouIVa0d_WY"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/7ouIVa0d_WY" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" width="425" height="344"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    &lt;span class="style281"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Clean sensors saves a lot of time spent in PhotoShop just repairing the&lt;br /&gt;  damage caused by dust.  Often, with dirty sensors, a dust spot will be&lt;br /&gt;  almost impossible to remove with the software.    &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    &lt;img style="font-family: arial;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Newsletters/Images/LensAlign.jpg" alt="LensAlign" shapes="Picture_x0020_5" width="349" align="left" height="349" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    &lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p style="font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;" class="style37"&gt;Number Three:&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style28"&gt;The last step - calibrate your lenses.  No matter what camera/lens you buy, it's almost certainly been mass-produced.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  Even with the close tolerances adhered to by the better manufacturers; it is rare that perfection is achieved. If the camera body is "off" by a fraction and so is the lens the combination produces an image that is&lt;br /&gt;  soft.  To be sure this is not the case the lens must be calibrated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  One tool for this is the LensAlign that sells for $179. &lt;a href="http://www.lensalign.com/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.lensalign.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  Here is a video for you to see how this works:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;object style="font-family: arial;" width="425" height="240"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://videos.lensalign.com/ria/ShizVidz-2009090604.swf"&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"&gt;&lt;param name="flashVars" value="s=ZT0xJmk9NjQ1MzQ0MTUwJms9RVhlcWYmYT02ODMwMzEwX2ZucHlyJnU9TWljaGFlbFRhcGVz"&gt;&lt;embed src="http://videos.lensalign.com/ria/ShizVidz-2009090604.swf" flashvars="s=ZT0xJmk9NjQ1MzQ0MTUwJms9RVhlcWYmYT02ODMwMzEwX2ZucHlyJnU9TWljaGFlbFRhcGVz" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" width="425" height="240"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    &lt;span class="style281"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;If all this takes more time and effort than is practical perhaps the communications professional should just hire me and let me worry about (and take care of) all this for them.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8918259900102291856?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8918259900102291856'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8918259900102291856'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/10/three-useful-doohickeys.html' title='Three Useful Doohickeys'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-5509871039196542722</id><published>2009-10-03T12:15:00.008-04:00</published><updated>2009-10-03T15:35:10.825-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Shooting a Sphere Panoramic</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/P1050225-733052.JPG"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 400px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/P1050225-733016.JPG" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;This is a photo of me taken by my Uncle Knolan Benfield while I was shooting a Sphere Panoramic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This shows the tripod head with the camera, special head and camera with 16mm lens.  Here is the shot from this:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;p&gt;  &lt;a href="" onclick="javascript:window.open('http://www.stanleyleary.com/UniversityCenter1/UniversityCenter1.html','_blank','status=yes,top=0,left=0,width=800,height=600');"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/UniversityCenter1/_UniversityCenter1.jpg" width="160" border="0" height="80" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;          &lt;br /&gt;         &lt;span class="style2"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Clayton State University Center&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);font-size:130%;" &gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Here are a few more for you to see:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt;          &lt;a href="" onclick="javascript:window.open('http://www.stanleyleary.com/Winshape-Courtyard/pano1.html','_blank','status=yes,top=0,left=0,width=800,height=600');"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Winshape-Courtyard/_pano1.jpg" width="160" border="0" height="80" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;              &lt;br /&gt;             &lt;span class="style2"&gt;Winshape Retreat - Courtyard&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt;  &lt;a href="" onclick="javascript:window.open('http://www.stanleyleary.com/Winshape-LowerPatio/pano1.html','_blank','status=yes,top=0,left=0,width=800,height=600');"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Winshape-LowerPatio/_pano1.jpg" width="160" border="0" height="80" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       &lt;span class="style2"&gt;Winshape Retreat - Lower Patios&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt; &lt;a href="" onclick="javascript:window.open(&amp;quot;Courtyardflash/Courtyard.html&amp;quot;,'_blank','status=yes,top=0,left=0,width=800,height=600');"&gt; &lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Courtyardflash/_scene/_Courtyard.jpg" alt="Courtyard" width="160" border="0" height="80" /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="style2"&gt;Georgia Tech College of Management Courtyard &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;         &lt;p style="font-family: arial;"&gt; &lt;a href="" onclick="javascript:window.open(&amp;quot;LeCrawFlash/LeCraw.html&amp;quot;,'_blank','status=yes,top=0,left=0,width=800,height=600');"&gt; &lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/LeCrawFlash/_scene/_LeCraw.jpg" alt="LeCraw" width="160" border="0" height="80" /&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;           &lt;span class="style2"&gt;LeCraw Auditorium at Georgia Tech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="style2"  style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-5509871039196542722?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/5509871039196542722/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=5509871039196542722' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5509871039196542722'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/5509871039196542722'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/10/shooting-sphere-panoramic.html' title='Shooting a Sphere Panoramic'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-1027701026783045971</id><published>2009-09-29T06:56:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2009-09-29T06:59:57.529-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Collaboration</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style6" align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/messano.html" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/video/tonymessanonewsletter.jpg" width="300" height="208" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style7" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(0, 102, 0);"&gt;My friend Tony Messano talks about what he looks for when he  hires a photographer in this video clip.  Here is his website&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.tonymessano.com/ad/" target="_blank"&gt;http://www.tonymessano.com/ad/&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The difference between two parties who compromise or  collaborate is huge.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Compromising leads to disappointment with all parties.  When the parties come together they have a creative idea or solution for a problem.  Each party wants their idea out there more than the other one.  In this scenario a watered down version of both ideas emerge. In the end no one is satisfied with the solution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Collaboration isn’t about negotiating solutions.  It starts where the parties come together and listening to each other.  They are open to new ideas.  This is where everyone realizes that alone no one gets their ideas implemented, but by partnering with others they can accomplish their goals.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Rowing is a good illustration on how to collaborate.  It is the oldest intercollegiate  sport in the United States.   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The Harvard-Yale Boat Race or Harvard-Yale Regatta is an annual rowing race between Yale and Harvard universities. It is America's oldest collegiate athletic competition. It takes place each year on Thames River, New London, Connecticut.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;In this sport the team must work together.  Each person has to stay in sync with his teammates.  For me it is the perfect picture of collaboration.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;If just one person is out of sync the team suffers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;When a client hires me they expect collaboration and not compromise.  Trust is the foundation of this process. You must first trust to your clients, lower your barriers and be exposed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="center" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/EDWEB/IMAGES/Student%20Alumni.jpg" width="432" height="288" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Listen.  Take notes while listening to the client.  Note taking prevents you from responding to quickly with your ideas.  Active listening means you ask questions to clarify and be sure you have their perspective.  You may want to paraphrase their idea and ask if you have it right.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;The key is understanding what they want to accomplish.  You need to also listen and learn where they have very little room for flexibility.  When the client feels like you know what they want and the parameters they are under you have the necessary information to be able to collaborate.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Meeting and exceeding the client’s expectations is easy, if you listen and check with the client to be sure you understand their project.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;Many clients will have done an excellent job articulating their project from the very beginning.  You still need to explore with them to understand how much flexibility they have.  You still need to articulate their project in your own words. Skip this step and you will experience friction with the client.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p  class="style3" align="justify" style="font-family:arial;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:130%;"&gt;All things being equal, people want to do business with  their friends.  True friends collaborate  rather than compromise.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;           &lt;p style="font-family: arial;" class="style3" align="center"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Frame2images/2008-04-17%2014-40-21.JPG" width="400" height="266" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-1027701026783045971?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/1027701026783045971/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=1027701026783045971' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1027701026783045971'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1027701026783045971'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/09/my-friend-tony-messano-talks-about-what.html' title='Collaboration'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-1899739795044119195</id><published>2009-09-09T17:31:00.005-04:00</published><updated>2009-09-11T10:26:26.669-04:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='mentoring'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='photography advice'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='photography business'/><title type='text'>The Ten-Thousand Rule</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/malcolm_gladwell_outliers-796416.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 300px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/malcolm_gladwell_outliers-796414.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;Malcolm Gladwell tells us The Ten-Thousand Rule is a key component to how successful we are.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;In his book &lt;span style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold;"&gt;Outliers&lt;/span&gt; Gladwell points to a 1990s study of violinists done by psychologist K. Anders Ericsson.  &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ericsson and his colleagues divided the violinists at Berlin’s elite Academy of Music into three groups:  great players, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;good players and those unlikely to play professionally and intended to be school teachers.  The different groupings of musicians were asked.  “How many hours have you practiced since you first started playing?” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;Most of the fiddlers began when they were about five.  By the age of twenty the great players had put in ten thousand practice hours; t&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/Violin-704235.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 300px; height: 205px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/Violin-704226.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;he good students about eight thousand and the future music teachers had fiddled around for four thousand hours.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In his book Gladwell relates how the Beatles, Bill Gates, Bill Joy and other extraordinarily successful people have not only put in the ten thousand hours perfecting their craft, but they have done so in a astonishingly short time.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;Gladwell makes it clear that there is a threshold one must meet to complete in almost any field.  He uses basketball players and IQ scores as examples.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nearly all basketball players are over six feet tall. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;But the taller players are not necessarily the better players.  However, to compete it will be difficult if you are not at least six feet tall. &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/IMG_1-701479.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 284px; height: 400px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/IMG_1-701457.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;There is a correlation between the six-foot threshold and an IQ of one hundred twenty.  A one hundred twenty IQ is about the threshold for graduate school or other advanced learning.  Just as being tall doesn’t bring success to basketball players having an IQ of two hundred or higher does not automatically insure success.  However, there is a definite cut-off point for success in any business.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This holds true in the field of photography as well.  David Lyman, the founder of The Maine Workshop, began each class with a discussion on creativity.  Lyman says it is essential to “marry the intellect and the heart with the hands.”  &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;He talks about how important persistence is to success and states that it takes about ten years to refine the craft of photography.  &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;How do you get to be invited to play at Carnegie Hall? — by practice, practice, practice. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bobby Fisher became a chess grandmaster in less than ten years, but it was close.  It took him nine years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Great artists are indeed talented, but talent can be wasted.  The masters of their crafts combined their talent with the thousands of hours of work at the canvas, the instrument, the camera or the free-throw line.  The Masters put in the ten thousand hours or more essential to master their chosen playing field.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This is good news for any aspiring professional photographer, rock star or whatever.  Want to be one of the greatest in your field? -  then put in the time.  Ten thousand hours is a lot of time, but over the ten years it takes to perfect a task it breaks-down to fewer than three hours a day even if you’re Bobby Fisher.&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2008_02_12_17_31_28-776569.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 266px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2008_02_12_17_31_28-776531.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Five Characteristic of Success&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;1.  Persistence&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;    It takes about 10 years or 10,000 hours to refine a craft. Woody Allen says just showing up is 90%.  The successful show up prepared.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;    Watch out for the Draculas out the&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;re.  They drain your time and you.  Get rid of them.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;2.  Be Nice&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;3.  Your Resources&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;      &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;        Four people you need to get to know.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;      &lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);"&gt;1.  Teacher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;      2.  Coach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;      3.  Facilitators&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;      4.  Mentors&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: rgb(153, 102, 51);font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;4.  Be Skilled in Your Craft&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;font-size:100%;" &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;5.  Talent &lt;/span&gt;— Aptitude for the Profession &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;Earl Nightingale says that we can become an expert in our field in as little as five years.   Malcolm Gladwell tells us the Great Players put in ten years.  The trip of ten thousand hours can begin now.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=";font-family:arial;font-size:100%;"  &gt;                &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-1899739795044119195?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/1899739795044119195/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=1899739795044119195' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1899739795044119195'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/1899739795044119195'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/09/ten-thousand-rule.html' title='The Ten-Thousand Rule'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8496438351106509420</id><published>2009-09-04T06:48:00.005-04:00</published><updated>2009-09-04T07:22:13.421-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Don’t just talk to your audience—Engage them</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/pyramid-707743.gif"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 310px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/pyramid-707740.gif" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;I’m sure you are familiar with the concept of the “elevator speech.” The idea is that — if you are asked what you do for a living or what your company does — you should be able to give a complete, compelling answer in the time it takes to ride an elevator to your destination.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;But what about when you have the opportunity to speak to a group for more than the length of an elevator ride — say, 30 minutes or an hour? Does that mean you can just relax and let yourself ramble?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Quite the contrary.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Don’t Talk — Teach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2006-04-25-10-23-15-71-735723.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; float: left; cursor: pointer; width: 266px; height: 400px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2006-04-25-10-23-15-71-735720.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;You should still be able to boil down your presentation in a simple statement; you should have an elevator speech that explains what you’re going to teach your audience and why it’s worth listening to. And then you must move beyond simply talking if you want to continue to engage your audience.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For example, if I were speaking to photographers about social networking, I would start with a simple premise — that the key to successful social networking is to listen. I would then organize my talk around the different ways to listen, would provide&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt; demonstrations to help make my points, and would engage the audience in discussion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Why would I take this approach, rather than simply lecturing the audience?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Take a look at the illustration above from the National Training Lab in Bethel, Maine. It shows how information taught through different methods is retained by students or other audiences.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As you can see, just talking to an audience doesn’t do much to educate them. Even if the audience member takes notes during a lecture or presentation and reads them back later, he or she still only retains 10 percent of what was taught. If you demonstrate what you’re talking about and then engage your audience in discussion, however, retention jumps to 50 percent.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When your audience has an opportunity to “practice by doing” — e.g., homework — retention increases to 75 percent. And since “teaching others” is the most effective learning method, you can see why educators like to put students in small groups and ask them to present a project to the class.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It’s also why teaching photography (or anything else) is a great way to learn a subject you know even better.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Simple or Complex?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Another factor to consider when you are teaching — particularly if it’s in a classroom, over a period of time — is how simple or complex your material is. We all understand how easy it is to walk on a flat surface, but to climb a mountain takes more work.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Good teachers understand that there are stages of learning. Here are the six basic stages, listed from the most rudimentary to the highest levels of comprehension:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;1.    Knowledge (memorizing, recalling)&lt;br /&gt;2.    Comprehension (expressing ideas in new forms)&lt;br /&gt;3.    Application (transfer of learning to a new situation)&lt;br /&gt;4.    Analysis (breaking a communication down into its parts)&lt;br /&gt;5.    Synthesis (creating something new by putting parts together)&lt;br /&gt;6.    Evaluation (judging value based on standards)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When you think about these stages of learning, it’s easy to see why you might have struggled with some of your teachers growing up, as I did. Too many teachers are stuck at stage 1 or 2 in their teaching methods, but expect you to somehow get to stage 5 or 6 when it’s exam time.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;Engage, Engage, Engage&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2008_02_07_17_29_14-791758.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10px 10px; float: right; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 266px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2008_02_07_17_29_14-791753.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:100%;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Whether you are making a 30-minute presentation to colleagues in your profession, or teaching a semester-long course to college students, success begins and ends with your ability to engage your audience.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One of my favorite examples of effective teaching is from “The Sound of Music.” In the movie, Maria tells the children, “When you know the notes to sing, you can sing most anything.” Then she finds creative ways to engage them in the joy of music, again and again.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;So don’t teach by talking. Teach by engaging.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8496438351106509420?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8496438351106509420/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8496438351106509420' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8496438351106509420'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8496438351106509420'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/09/dont-just-talk-to-your-audienceengage.html' title='Don’t just talk to your audience—Engage them'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-660130931217454669</id><published>2009-08-25T15:42:00.000-04:00</published><updated>2009-08-25T15:48:30.277-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Church Planting at the Houston Medical Center</title><content type='html'>&lt;object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="400" height="330" id="soundslider"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/BenHays/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=330" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;param name="quality" value="high" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#000000" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.StanleyLeary.com/BenHays/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=330" quality="high" bgcolor="#000000" width="400" height="330" menu="false" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" allowFullScreen="true" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-660130931217454669?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/660130931217454669/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=660130931217454669' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/660130931217454669'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/660130931217454669'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/08/church-planting-at-houston-medical.html' title='Church Planting at the Houston Medical Center'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-3923237297162719433</id><published>2009-08-21T16:43:00.001-04:00</published><updated>2009-08-21T16:49:05.947-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Celebrating 10 years of "The Week In Pictures"</title><content type='html'>&lt;div&gt;&lt;iframe height="339" width="425" src="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/22425001/vp/32481337#32481337" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;p style="font-size:11px; font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #999; margin-top: 5px; background: transparent; text-align: center; width: 425px;"&gt;Visit msnbc.com for &lt;a style="text-decoration:none !important; border-bottom: 1px dotted #999 !important; font-weight:normal !important; height: 13px; color:#5799DB !important;" href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com"&gt;Breaking News&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032507" style="text-decoration:none !important; border-bottom: 1px dotted #999 !important; font-weight:normal !important; height: 13px; color:#5799DB !important;"&gt;World News&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3032072" style="text-decoration:none !important; border-bottom: 1px dotted #999 !important; font-weight:normal !important; height: 13px; color:#5799DB !important;"&gt;News about the Economy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-3923237297162719433?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/3923237297162719433/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=3923237297162719433' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/3923237297162719433'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/3923237297162719433'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/08/celebrating-10-years-of-week-in.html' title='Celebrating 10 years of &quot;The Week In Pictures&quot;'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-132607437376930709</id><published>2009-08-12T11:26:00.003-04:00</published><updated>2009-08-12T11:49:16.768-04:00</updated><title type='text'>Informative or Just Eye Candy?</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}" href="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2009_07_10_18_36_28-757715.jpg"&gt;&lt;img style="margin: 0px auto 10px; display: block; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 266px;" src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/uploaded_images/2009_07_10_18_36_28-757709.jpg" alt="" border="0" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Before our children could even read, they could identify restaurants by their logo.  Our oldest son was in the back seat singing “… the Simpsons,” when he saw a sky with a lot of cumulus clouds.  Most everyone involved in communications understands how the audience is enticed by images.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Sometimes logos conjure up other thoughts.  For many folks ATT’s logo is called the “death star.”  This is another topic for another time though.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;For many people working as communicator for corporations, nonprofits, or in the media they see the visual as the “hook” to their written story. The concept of using visuals as “eye candy” is a way to make you stop and at least start to read the article.   &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Love her or hate her, Catherine Zeta-Jones helped shape the image of T-Mobile during her first run with the company.  To celebrate the launch of their Mobile Makeover advertising campaign, she's back again.   The ads use her as the “eye candy.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;No question this works in advertising, but how does it go over with corporate communications or journalism?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;My opinion is that those that use imagery as “eye candy” are like the tabloids or car magazines with women on the hood of the car.  This approach must work or these types of media wouldn’t be doing so well financially.    However, they are not taken seriously for their content.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;You can use the imagery as the message itself and not just a hook.  In journalistic example are the photos of the Twin Towers being hit by the airplanes or on fire?   Michael Phelps touching the wall first with others still behind him is another example.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;In journalistic media we also see visual “hooks.”  We see mug shots which accompany an article, but tell us nothing about what the story is about. How is this a hook? On sports pages peak action moments showing the looser looking like they won is a hook.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;I’ve learned the best images leave the viewer asking a question.  “Why are the Twin Towers on fire?” is the question people asked when they turned on their televisions.  It kept us glued to the coverage  to understand and help us heal.  Is this the photo of Michael Phelps winning the 8th gold medal or what race is it?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;We can learn from the “eye candy” photography. If the image is interesting and has visual impact it will hook the reader. You need to surprise your audience.  I have talked about this in past e.newsletters.  Getting a unique perspective like a worm’s eye view or the bird’s eye view is a great “hook.”  Making photos from the standing position straight on all the time is what amateurs do.  You can make an informative intriguing image of most content to help tell the story with your images.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;I shoot for different audiences.  I often shoot for Associated Press, magazines, corporate publications, websites, college recruiting and alumni publications, and many other mediums.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;When I shoot for AP, I must tell the story in one photo.  I must shoot tight, which means close-up and filling the frame.  The users of AP images may run the picture really small and will not want to use the photo if it isn’t close-up. It needs to have impact.  They may run it on a front page of a paper to help tell the story, and sell the newspaper.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;At an event where an AP photographer is there and I am there shooting for a magazine, I have to take a different approach.  By the time a magazine comes out the readers will have seen the AP images of the event.  My coverage must be more than one impactful image.   I have a variety of angles, from close-up, to medium and overall shots of the story.  I will use lighting to help influence the image even more.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;I am shooting a lot of multimedia packages lately which require 30 – 60 images for a 2-minute piece to run on a website. I need photos like I would do for a magazine, and I need transition photos.  I need photos of noises you may hear in the audio to help the audience understand those noises are seagulls in the background near the subject.   You still need strong images, but they can help tell the story and compliment the audio.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Most communicators today are using the same content in multiple places.  They send out a printed newsletter, post it on a blog, put it on a website, or send out an e.Newsletter .  All of the pieces point to the website where more content and images can be placed, than before this existed.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;If you do a good job of telling the story using visuals you will now have just started telling your story.  That’s right—just started. People like to be in dialogue and comment on your stories on-line.  This outlet wasn’t available in print.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;In the most recent Scientific American Magazine there was an article on Celiac Disease.  When you went to their website the article was there as well, but now will comments like this, “The illustrations in this article delivered to my mailbox today, allow the complexities of the science of gluten intolerance to be easily understood by everyone.”   Here is a link for you &lt;a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=celiac-disease-insights&amp;amp;page=6"&gt;http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=celiac-disease-insights&amp;amp;page=6&lt;/a&gt;.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Is your material getting as many comments as this article?  Are your visuals helping your audience to understand the topic?  Using visuals effectively and not just as a visual “hook” will improve how your message is communicated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: italic;font-family:arial;" &gt;Stanley is available as a consultant to help you improve your visual communication for your organization.  Give him a call or email him to set up a time for him to work with your team.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-132607437376930709?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/132607437376930709/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=132607437376930709' title='12 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/132607437376930709'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/132607437376930709'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/08/informative-or-just-eye-candy.html' title='Informative or Just Eye Candy?'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>12</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24489734.post-8708994337668023410</id><published>2009-08-11T18:01:00.004-04:00</published><updated>2009-08-11T21:24:14.111-04:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='multimedia'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='photojournalism'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='digital photography'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='slideshows'/><title type='text'>Behind the Scene With Stanley</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Watch this one first&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="400" height="350" id="soundslider"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Soccer/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=350" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;param name="quality" value="high" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#000000" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Soccer/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=350" quality="high" bgcolor="#000000" width="400" height="350" menu="false" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" allowFullScreen="true" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-family:arial;"&gt;Then watch how I did it.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;object classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" width="400" height="350" id="soundslider"&gt;&lt;param name="movie" value="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Multimedia/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=350" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /&gt;&lt;param name="quality" value="high" /&gt;&lt;param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /&gt;&lt;param name="menu" value="false" /&gt;&lt;param name="bgcolor" value="#000000" /&gt;&lt;embed src="http://www.stanleyleary.com/Multimedia/soundslider.swf?size=2&amp;format=xml&amp;embed_width=400&amp;embed_height=350" quality="high" bgcolor="#000000" width="400" height="350" menu="false" allowScriptAccess="sameDomain" allowFullScreen="true" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;This is an update for my blog.  I hope you visit and give me your feedback.&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/24489734-8708994337668023410?l=www.stanleyleary.com%2Fblog' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/8708994337668023410/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=24489734&amp;postID=8708994337668023410' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8708994337668023410'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/24489734/posts/default/8708994337668023410'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://www.stanleyleary.com/blog/2009/08/behind-scene-with-stanley.html' title='Behind the Scene With Stanley'/><author><name>Stanley Leary</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17774248898181102269</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='17100124696511388906'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
